Water Inlet Behavior in Engine Colling Piping on Indonesian Traditional Wooden Vessel Using CFD Simulation

Traditional wooden boat builders in East Kalimantan make the main engine seawater cooling system by using the water currents created by the movement of the ship without the use of suction pumps. This system has been applied to several wooden ships of various sizes. However, the size of the water flow in the pipe is not known by the builders at each ship's speed. Thus, in this paper, an investigation is carried out on seawater cooling pipes on the behavior of fluids moving in the pipes. This study aims to determine the effect of ship speed on the flow of water that occurs in the cooling pipe (inlet and outlet water). The approach taken in this paper is a computer simulation based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) by analyzing the current flow (Va) of the water discharge in the cooling pipes at speeds of 1 - 9 knots. CFD can show very detailed results in analyzing fluid flow parameters in pipes. Based on the simulations performed, the average flow velocity has increased by around 14.73% for every 1 knot increase in speed. Meanwhile, the average flow rate will increase on the pipe by 14.78% for every 1 knot increase in speed. For the average pressure obtained, the vertical pipe will increase 25% for every 1 knot increase and the horizontal pipe shell will increase 19.86% for every 1 knot increase. Meanwhile, the recommended minimum ship speed is 2.5 knots to get the required cooling seawater flow rate.