Barraquer–Simons syndrome: A rare case of acquired partial lipodystrophy after pregnancy with diabetes mellitus

Barraquer–Simons syndrome (BSS) is an uncommon acquired partial lipodystrophy (APL) characterized by gradual, progressive loss of subcutaneous fat limited to the upper part of the body. It is a rare condition of uncertain origin typically appearing in early adolescence with a higher incidence among females with autoimmunity and C3 hypocomplementemia. Approximately 250 cases were reported worldwide, we present a case of BSS that began after pregnancy. A biopsy of the affected areas reveals reduced adipocytes. Metabolic abnormalities are relatively uncommon in APL compared to other forms of lipodystrophy, affecting around 10% of patients. At present, there is no treatment available to stop the disease’s progression. Management options are limited to restoration through lipomodelling or fat grafting in the affected regions. This report focuses on a 58-year-old patient with BSS who started post-pregnancy, and who also has diabetes mellitus and low C3 levels.