HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF UTERINE FIBROID AND ENDOMETRIAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH FIBROID UTERUS – A TWO YEAR PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Introduction: Uterine broids, or leiomyomas, are benign tumors from uterine smooth muscle, predominantly affecting reproductive and peri-menopausal women. They cause signicant morbidity, with menorrhagia as the most common symptom. Approximately 33% of women with severe dysmenorrhea and bleeding also have adenomyosis, exacerbating symptoms even with small broids. Aim And Objectives: To analyze the incidence of uterine broids in hysterectomy specimens at JMC&H, Jhalawar, and the histomorphological patterns of endometrium in broid uterus, including the association with broid location and adenomyosis. Materials And Methods: This prospective study analyzed hysterectomy specimens at the Pathology department, Jhalawar Medical College, from August 2022 to July 2024. Standard histopathological procedures were used. Observation And Results: Among 554 hysterectomy specimens, 189 (34.11%) had leiomyomas, mostly in multiparous women aged 41-50, with menorrhagia as the most frequent symptom. Intramural broids accounted for 73% of cases, with signicant endometrial changes linked to broid location (p < 0.05). Adenomyosis was present in 43.9% of cases, predominantly in women aged 31-50. Conclusion: Uterine leiomyomas are the commonest neoplasms in women, with a 34.11% incidence in this study. Menorrhagia was the leading symptom, likely due to tumorinduced vascularity and hormonal effects. Endometrial phases were mainly proliferative (40.7%) and secretory (39.7%), indicating a hyper-estrogenic state. These ndings highlight specic clinical and pathological features of uterine broids, aiding in diagnosis and management.