Association of the miR-143 Gene rs353292 Polymorphism with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Caucasian Women: A Novel Finding in a Multifactorial Devastating Problem

The purpose of this prospective case-control study is to investigate the correlation of the miR-143 gene rs353292 polymorphism in Caucasian women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) compared to a matched control group with at least one live birth and without pregnancy losses. In total, 110 women with recurrent pregnancy losses and 95 control women were recruited. Peripheral blood was collected from all women, and the isolation of DNA was performed with Monarch Genomic DNA Purification. Polymerase chain reaction was applied to amplify the DNA sequence of the miR-143 gene promoter, carrying the polymorphism rs353292. The incidence of genotype CC in the RPL group was statistically significantly higher than in control group (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Allele C (CT + CC) in the control group was found in 47.36%, and in the RPL group was found in 68.17% (<i>p</i> = 0.006). SNP rs353292 T>C was associated with increased risk of recurrent pregnancy loss. The calculated odds ratio for CT + CC vs. TT and for CC vs. TT were significant higher (<i>p</i> = 0.0028 and <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively). The study results suggest that the rs353292 polymorphism is associated with a statistically significant increase in RPL prevalence. The present study provides additional evidence in favor of a shared pathophysiological mechanism that contributes to both RPLs, potentially through inflammatory processes and epithelial-mesenchymal transition dysregulation.