HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BREAST CANCER IN NAMS, BIR HOSPITAL IN NEPAL

Introduction: Breast cancers are a varied group of lesions that differ in how they appear microscopically and how they behave biologically. There are two main types: in situ carcinomas and invasive breast carcinomas. In situ carcinomas refer to potentially malignant cells that grow within the beast but there is no evidence of spread in the nearby tissueswhen seen in routine microscopic examinations. Two types ofin situ carcinomasare recognized;acommon form is ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and the less common form is lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). Objectives: This study aims to assess the prole of breast cancers, identied breast lumps at the undergoing histopathological evaluation, clinical ndings and radiological reports with the patient surgical intervention, biopsy method (FNA, core needle, surgical and mastectomy) at the Department of Pathology in NAMS, Bir Hospital. General Objective: To nd the histopathological characteristics of breast cancer undergoing surgical intervention and evaluation at Bir Hospital, NAMS.. Specic Objective: Types of biopsy methods (FNA, core needle, surgical and mastectomy) used to obtain the samples from the patients with breast diseases. Proportion of inammatory, benign, and malignant breast diseases among the patients with breast diseases. And hence, metastatic breast cancer among the patients with breast diseases. Methods: This study design is a cross sectional descriptive type of study. Data collected from the histopathological records of 5 years between 14 April 2019 - 13 April 2024. Types of biopsy methods (FNA, core needle biopsy, surgical biopsy and mastectomy), collected from the Department of Pathology. Result: The diagnosis process of pathological ndings, among 232 breast patients, 33 patients had undergone FNAC, 44 patients did Core needle biopsy, 60 patients surgical biopsy and 95 mastectomy. Among them, patients are classied into three breast diseases as per ndings; Inammatory (n=81), Benign (n=36), and Malignant (n=115). As seen, prime patients were in their 40s. Among 232, 68 and 164 patients had metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancers. Wherein, male pt. 2.58% , females pt. 97.41%. Ductal and lobular carcinoma in situ together included 3% of the total distinguished histopathological characters of breast cancer, whereas, remaining were classied in invasive breast carcinoma (NST). Conclusion: Establishing the breast pathology Invasive breast carcinoma (NST) is the major case. Age groups of 31-60 years patientswereinvolvedmorethanotheragegroups.