<scp>OsbHLH6</scp>, a basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor, confers arsenic tolerance and root‐to‐shoot translocation in rice

Arsenic (As) is extremely toxic to plants, posing a serious concern for food safety. Identification of genes responsive to As is significative for figuring out this issue. Here, we identified a bHLH transcription factor OsbHLH6 that was involved in mediating the processes of As tolerance, uptake, and root-to-shoot translocation in rice. The expression of OsbHLH6 gene was strongly induced after 3 and 48 h of arsenite [As(III)] treatment. The OsbHLH6-overexpressed transgenic rice (OE-OsbHLH6) was sensitive to, while the knockout mutant of OsbHLH6 gene (Osbhlh6) was tolerant to As(III) stress by affecting the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and non-protein thiols (NPT), etc. Knockout of OsbHLH6 gene increased significantly the As concentration in roots, but decreased extensively As accumulation in shoots, compared to that in OE-OsbHLH6 and WT plants. The transcripts of phytochelatins (PCs) synthetase encoding genes OsPCS1 and OsPCS2, as well as As(III) transporter encoding genes OsLsi1 and OsABCC1 were greatly abundant in Osbhlh6 mutants than in OE-OsbHLH6 and WT plants under As(III) stress. In contrast, the expression of OsLsi2 gene was extensively suppressed by As(III) in Osbhlh6 mutants. OsbHLH6 acted as a transcriptional activator to bind directly to the promoter and regulate the expression of OsPrx2 gene that encodes a peroxidase precursor. Moreover, overexpression of OsbHLH6 gene resulted in significant change of expression of amounts of abiotic stress-related genes, which might partially contribute to the As sensitivity of OE-OsbHLH6 plants. These findings may broaden our understanding of the molecular mechanism of OsbHLH6-mediated As response in rice and provide novel useful genes for rice As stress-resistant breeding.