Redefining Urban Recreation: A Demand Analysis for Urban Year-Round Green Exercise

Urban green exercise offers substantial physical and mental health benefits, especially in urban environments with limited natural access. This study analyzes the demand for urban year-round green exercise under various meteorological conditions. Using a primary empirical research design, data were collected from 408 active participants in Germany through an online survey. The survey consisted of one questionnaire, with multiple sections including demographics, green exercise, year-round green exercise, and nature-relatedness. Spearman rank correlations and Pearson's correlation were conducted for data analysis, and linear regressions calculated differences between groups. The results indicate a high demand for green exercise, with most participants engaging in endurance-based sports in urban green spaces at least once a week, regardless of weather conditions. However, adverse weather, such as precipitation and extreme cold, significantly reduces the likelihood of green exercise. Furthermore, the study identifies a positive correlation between participants' connection to nature and their likelihood of engaging in green exercise under different weather conditions. The findings suggest that urban year-round green exercise could be a viable public health intervention, accessible to a broad demographic, with the potential to improve overall well-being. However, further research is needed to explore the barriers to green exercise in adverse weather and to develop strategies to promote year-round green exercise.