A Critical Discourse Study of Langston Hughes's "I, Too," W.H. Auden's "The Unknown Citizen," and "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" through the Lens of Fairclough's Framework

This study utilizes Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to analyze race and conformity in Langston Hughes' "I, Too," W.H. Auden's "The Unknown Citizen," and Hughes' "The Negro Speaks of Rivers.". Using a qualitative approach, the study conducts textual analysis to explore how these literary works reflect and challenge societal norms on race and identity. The CDA framework concentrates on the interplay of language, power, and social practices, unveiling the construction and contestation of racial identities in the chosen poems. The analysis showcases linguistic strategies illustrating racial identities and societal expectations of conformity. It elucidates Hughes' promotion of racial pride and equality, contrasting with Auden's critique of the dehumanizing aspects of conformity. The findings demonstrate how both poets skillfully utilize language and form to encourage readers to rethink the implications of race and individuality in wider social settings. Through its examination of how CDA effectively analyzes race-based discourse in literature, this study contributes to the enrichment of both literary criticism and cultural studies. Keywords : Langston Hughes, W.H. Auden, Critical Discourse Analysis, race, conformity, literature, identity. DOI : 10.7176/JLLL/103-05 Publication date : October 30th 2024