PERFIL DOS RECÉM NASCIDOS MONITORIZADOS POR MEIO DE ELETROENCEFALOGRAMA DE AMPLITUDE INTEGRADA EM UMA MATERNIDADE PRIVADA DO NORDESTE DO BRAZIL

Neonatal seizures are a prevalent emergency, with mortality rates of 20-40% and morbidity rates of 40-60%. Defined as motor, behavioral, or autonomic neurological changes, seizures manifest within the first 28 days of life in term neonates or up to 44 weeks corrected gestational age in preterm infants. Incidence varies between 1-5 per 1,000 live births, increasing to 10-130 per 1,000 in preterm infants. Main causes include hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, brain malformations, metabolic disorders, infections, and hypoglycemia. The primary goal is to identify the profile of patients who used aEEG; the secondary goal is to assess outcomes during and after use. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional observational study with a convenience sample. aEEG was used to monitor neonates and identify seizure patterns in 54 patients between February 2021 and November 2023. Results showed an equal gender distribution, with 73% born by cesarean section. The primary indication for monitoring was moderate or severe HIE (27.8%), and 74% of neonates had a pathological baseline pattern. Seizures were detected in 26% of cases, 64.3% of which were subclinical. For management, 76.9% of patients required only one anticonvulsant, mainly phenobarbital (91%). The use of aEEG enabled early diagnosis and reduced unnecessary anticonvulsant use in 69% of clinically suspected cases, highlighting the importance of early monitoring and the role of EEG in neonatal seizure management.