Reserve Procurement in the New York Power Grid with Offshore Wind Farms

The United States plans to incorporate 30 gigawatts (GW) of offshore wind (OSW) energy into its power grid by 2030. However, this expansion poses challenges to the economic and reliable grid operation due to the large power capacity and uncertainties in OSW generation as they are located within a close geographic proximity. Currently, there is a lack of research on the operating reserve requirements needed to mitigate these uncertainties for reliable grid operation. To address this gap, this study examines the operating reserve procurement needs for the New York power grid, which is expected to have 9 GW of offshore wind capacity by 2035. By using a dynamic probability of exceedance (POE) approach, this research aims to strategically procure the reserve resources to manage the forecasting uncertainties of the anticipated 9 GW OSW while minimizing the risk of loss of load in the New York power grid. The simulation results, based on real measurement data from NYSERDA Buoys, suggest that the dynamic POE configuration could potentially reduce operating reserve by nearly 12 percent overall.