Time-Domain Distance Protection Scheme

The increasing integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) into the transmission network impacts traditional phasor-based distance relays designed for synchronous generators (SGs), leading to frequent misoperations. Source-agnostic protection schemes address this issue by operating independently of the source type and controls. This paper proposes a comprehensive time-domain distance protection scheme featuring both main and backup functions, using source-agnostic distance and directional relays. The proposed protection scheme reliably detects and isolates faults within the protected zone and securely restrains from operating for faults outside the protected zone. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is validated using PSCAD simulations, demonstrating its high selectivity, dependability, and security.