Loop-Shaped Compensator for a High-Performance Synchronous Machine Power System Stabilizer

The delivery of well-regulated electric power is essential for the reliable functioning of modern society. Voltage is regulated around a nominal frequency, i.e., 50 or 60 Hz, with a tight tolerance with some variation across regulatory jurisdiction. Electrical machinery and sensitive electronics can be removed from operation or severely damaged if frequency is allowed to deviate. To aid in the suppression of frequency oscillation at low frequencies, power system stabilizers are used to regulate generator rotor speed. With the increased penetration of inverter-based resources, aggregate power system inertia continues to decrease, and frequency swings are more severe. Therefore, the performance demands of power system stabilizers are increasing. In this work, a novel high-gain power system stabilizer is de-signed using Bode loop-shaping design techniques. The resulting stabilizer is shown to enhance frequency oscillation damping by two orders of magnitude when compared to an industry standard design when subject to a step torque disturbance. Impacts on voltage regulation are also discussed. Comparisons are made in the frequency domain using quantitative measures of performance for both frequency and voltage regulation and are verified using Simulink software.