Unintentional Islanding Detection for Type-I Wind Turbine Generators Using Feeder Protection Relays: A Hardware-in-the-Loop Test

Unintentional islanding (UI) detection is one of the primary concerns to be addressed in power systems with increasing windfarm penetration. For type-I wind turbine generators (WTGs) that lack advanced control capabilities, passive UI detection methods can be applied using external devices such as feeder protection relays. This paper presents an examination of UI detection for a type-I WTG using the commercial feeder protection relay SEL-751. The vector shift and the fast rate-of-change-of-frequency (ROCOF) elements supported by the SEL-751 for islanding detection were tested under various loading conditions in a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testbed using OPAL-RT simulator.