Botulinum Toxin A Therapy for Glabellar Lines Improves Emotional States: Evaluation of 47 Cases without Mental Disorders

To our knowledge, this is the first study of the statistically significant effect of the BT-A treatment on the emotional state of subjects without mental disorders. The experiences of emotions derived from the motions of the frown muscles, which may be caused by the modulation of the amygdala activity, are not so complicated but extremely primitive, such as pleasure and unpleasure. This might be the reason why our results of BMC-J, which is used to measure basic emotions, indicated more clearly that negative emotions reduced compared with positive ones, in contrast to the finding of previous published reports that measured more complicated emotions such as feelings.