Prevalence of Salmonella in Eggs from Modern, Industrial and Semi-Industrial Farms

Bacteria of the genus Salmonella have proven to be one of the leading foodborne illnesses worldwide, with serious consequences for human and animal health. In Mali the spread of this germ from poultry eggs is considered a major source of typhoid fever. Currently, the intensification of animal production has been favored by the use of veterinary drugs, in particular antibiotics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of salmonella isolated from egg samples collected at the different study sites. The samples taken numbered one hundred and fifty-eight (158 eggs) in Bamako and in peri-urban areas. Peri-urban areas supply Bamako with foodstuffs of animal origin, particularly eggs. Microbiological analysis of the collected eggs was carried out according to ISO 6579-1:2017 standards using Rappaport Vassiliadis culture medium for enrichment and Salmonella Shigella (SS) agar for identification of salmonella. The density results showed that 8.86% of the eggs floated to the surface of the saline solution and the microbiological analyzes showed that the presence of Salmonella in 08 of the 158 egg samples, giving a prevalence of 5.06%. This low percentage could be explained by the misuse of antibiotics in poultry farming. Studies with more advanced quantitative methods should be conducted to identify the nature of the antibiotics present in these foods, as well as to quantify their contents.