Randomized Clinical Study of Nano-Cerium Oxide and its Efficacy in Sciatic Nerve Regeneration: A Histopathological Evaluation

Background: Peripheral nerve damage is a frequent clinical condition. peripheral nerve injuries are variable, and these injuries are mostly caused by trauma. Blunt trauma has many types, including contusion, laceration, stretching, traction, penetrating and perforating injuries, abnormal sleeping positions, external pressure, internal compression, ischemia. Cerium oxide nanoparticles are used widely in the materials field. Besides their material applications. Objective: this study was examining how cerium oxide nanoparticles impact axonal regeneration of the sciatic nerve in rats. Materials and Methods: 24 adult animals used, weighing average (M±SD: 230 ± 20 g). The animals were separated into two group. The first group (control) was left without treatment, The second group (Nano cerium Oxide) was treated orally with 50 mg of Nano cerium oxide daily for 7 days. Right Sciatic nerve was completely transected in all animals. The result evaluated at 4th, 8th and 12th weeks post-operative. Results: The histopathological results, indicated that the high effective result in the second group, then the control group. The control group has a significant nerve damage and some regenerative signs over time. While there are indications of severe damage particularly at 4 and 8 weeks, then presence of almost normal nerve fibers at 12 weeks suggests partial recovery. Conclusion: Nano Cerium Oxide accelerated the regeneration of the peripheral nerves These findings suggest that this nanoparticle could can be seen as a novel therapy for promoting the regeneration of the nervous system.