From Mystery Mass to Menacing Marrow: Uterine Myeloid Sarcoma Preceding the Diagnosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia - Case Report and Literature Review

Uterine myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary solid tumor composed of leukemic myeloid cells. It is an uncommon tumour usually accompanied by acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We report a case of a 64-year-old woman with a cervical-uterine mass followed by vaginal postmenopausal bleeding. Initially she was treated with supracervical hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy and partial omentectomy and had no systemic sings that could suggest AML. Second postoperative day she developed thrombocytopenia and anemia, followed by febrile neutropenia in the fourth postoperative day. Bone marrow biopsy revealed 68% of blasts consistent with acute myeloid leukaemia with maturation (AML-M2) according to The French-American-British (FAB) classification.