Successful complete vaginectomy in dorsal recumbency: description of surgical technique without repositioning combining celiotomy and episiotomy in three dogs

The combination of ventral midline celiotomy with episiotomy in dorsal recumbency is a feasible, well-tolerated technique that provides optimal surgical access and visualization. Eliminating the need for intraoperative repositioning reduces anesthetic and surgical times while maintaining sterility, stability, and continuous monitoring.