BACP-LRS: Blockchain and IPFS-based Land Record System

Background: Land records have traditionally derived their credibility from a central database of local government records, with copies issued to land owners. Physical records are the only credible source of any information related to land ownership that has been in existence for a long time. However, physical records are prone to manipulation and fraud. Recently, some academic research has begun to address the potential use of blockchain technology to improve the security and reliability of land registration processes. Objective: The purpose of the present work is to propose an architecture for blockchain-based access control for distribution, ensuring information privacy. We take advantage of the benefits of blockchain technology in improving land record management while granting access to electronic data through user permissions. Methods: This approach replicates cryptographic primitives, while smart contracts are used to assist land record owners and users in interacting with each other using the Ethereum blockchain in the proposed system. The approach includes performance evaluation by the execution of a smart contract and security analysis to check the system robustness. Results: The performance evaluation and security analysis prove the proposed blockchain architecture to be secure and feasible for practical implementation in managing land records. Conclusion: The research proves how the application of blockchain technology can significantly enhance both security and reliability in land registration processes, giving credibility to tamper-resistant systems for maintaining information about land ownership.