Simulation and implementation of local electrical markets in photovoltaic energy communities with PVLEM

In recent decades, the increase in environmental awareness and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have led to growing interest in renewable energy sources. Among them, photovoltaic solar energy has emerged as a promising option due to its abundance, sustainability, and potential for the decentralisation of energy supply. In this paper, we explore the concept of photovoltaic energy communities (PEC), an innovative model that integrates distributed photovoltaic solar energy generation with storage technologies and demand management systems. The constant increase of prosumers (producers and consumers of electrical energy) is causing a change in the rules of the electrical market. This paper presents a software architecture for a distributed energy community system based on nodes installed in each prosumer. This system is specifically designed to be implemented in embedded systems, making it suitable for deployment in residential settings and small communities. The decentralised structure and main components of the system are described, highlighting its ability to efficiently manage energy generation, storage, and consumption. In our PVLEM (PhotoVoltaic Local Electrical Market) proposal, the elements of this architecture are defined, and an implementation that allows the simulation of an energy community and its execution in a real environment is presented. Through this proposal, we facilitate the transformative potential of PECs as a sustainable approach to energy generation, capable of promoting community participation, energy resilience, and climate change mitigation.