6- and 12-month follow-up results after successful BPaL treatment for DR-TB patients in Ukraine

<bold>Introduction:</bold> The BPaL regimen has shown favorable treatment outcomes in various countries through clinical trials and operational research (OR). Yet, follow-up (FU) results post-treatment remain largely undocumented globally. <bold>Methods:</bold> BPaL implementation in Ukraine began in November 2020 at the National TB Institute under OR settings through the TB Reach Project, a collaboration involving OATH, KNCV, PATH, PHC, and TB Alliance. From November 2020 - February 2021, 171 patients were screened; 154 started BPaL treatment, with 130 (84.4%) achieving favorable treatment outcomes. Of these, 77 patients successfully completed treatment in 2021 and 53 in 2022. All 130 patients received 6- and 12-month FU evaluations for TB recurrence. The war, particularly in 2022, notably hindered FU monitoring access. <bold>Results:</bold> Among patients with FU data, no TB recurrence was reported (2 patients had clinical and X-ray TB symptoms, but cultures were negative). In 2022, the war impaired monitoring, leaving 6- and 12-month results unknown for 28.5% and 33.1% of patients due to contact issues, with only a third receiving full monitoring (culture/X-ray). Despite the war, in 2023 full monitoring increased, with 56.6% of patients achieving full monitoring at 6 months and 54.7% at 12 months. <bold>Conclusions:</bold> The BPaL regimen for DR-TB patients in Ukraine increased treatment success and prevented TB recurrence during FU, despite monitoring challenges. <fig><object-id>erj;64/suppl_68/PA2370/F1</object-id><object-id>F1</object-id><object-id>F1</object-id><graphic></graphic></fig>