The Evaporation Duct Characteristics of Typhoon Kompasu (202118) Based on Buoys Observation

Evaporation ducts, which are created due to evaporation from the ocean, significantly affect electromagnetic propagation in coastal and marine areas. Based on air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, sea surface temperature, and wind speed data from four buoy stations in the northern South China Sea, the evaporation duct height (EDH) characteristics of Typhoon Kompasu (202118) are analyzed using the Naval-Postgraduate-School model. The findings are given as follows: first, the increased mass, momentum, and heat exchanges between the air and sea during a typhoon significantly affect the horizontal homogeneity of temperature and humidity from the ocean surface, especially in the areas where the center of the typhoon passes through. Second, the low-value center of EDH forming at the typhoon center, and typhoon Kompasu increases the nonuniformity of the EDH between the area centered around the typhoon and other regions, with a maximum EDH difference of over 10 m. Third, the main impact factors of EDH between buoy stations at different locations of Typhoon Kompasu are different.