Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) And Atopic Disease in pediatric population. Systematic Review Of The Literature And Meta Analyses

<bold>Background:</bold> ADHD and atopic disease are two major public health issues, between which several studies have reported a significant association. This raises the question of the existence of a possible common pathophysiological mechanism. <bold>Objectives:</bold> First, to systematically identify methodologically and clinically relevant studies the association between ADHD and clinical atopic disease in the paediatric population. Second, to quantify the strength of this association in order to better understand the underlying mechanisms and its possible consequences. <bold>Methods and analyses:</bold> References were extracted from PubMed and SCOPUS electronic databases and processed using EndNote X9 bibliography software. Included studies focused on clinical atopy (atopic dermatitis and/or asthma and/or rhinitis) and ADHD in the paediatric population. Several meta-analyses (random-effects models) were performed based on the odds ratios reported. <bold>Results:</bold> We selected 85 studies during a systematic review of the literature, from which only ten case-control studies could be submitted for meta-analysis. The meta-analyses showed significant associations between children with ADHD and asthma (OR :1.37, 95% CI :1.20- 1.50, I2 67.6%), atopic dermatitis (OR 1.45,95 % CI :1.27-1.67, I2 :60%), allergic rhinitis (OR :1.62, 95 % CI 1.64-1.88, I2 73.8%) compared with the control group. <bold>Conclusion:</bold> This systematic review of the literature with meta-analyses found a significant association between ADHD and atopic disease. The search for atopic disease in children with ADHD, and inversely, should be systematic, with the aim a personalized medical approach.