Outcomes of patients with interstitial lung disease admitted to ICU for acute respiratory failure

<bold>Background:</bold> Outcome of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) admitted to ICU for acute respiratory failure (ARF) and treated with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is still a matter of debate^(1,2) <bold>Aim:</bold> To analyse characteristics and outcomes of a cohort of ILD patients treated with NIV and IMV in ICU <bold>Methods:</bold> We retrospectively evaluated 57 ILD patients admitted to Respiratory ICU of Careggi University Hospital for ARF between 2016 and 2023. Patients were grouped into those treated with NIV (group 1) and those treated with both NIV and IMV (group 2). Primary outcome is ICU mortality and 1-year mortality <bold>Results:</bold> Patients’ characteristics were similar (table) Overall, 42/57 patients (74%) died in ICU; 5 further patients died within 1 year after ICU discharge (47/57, 82%). ICU mortality was higher (p<0.05) in group 2 (18/20 patients, 90%) than in group 1 (24/37 patients, 65%), as well as the 1-year mortality (19 vs 28 patients; p<0.05) <bold>Conclusion:</bold> Prognosis of ILD patients admitted to ICU is poor, especially when treated with IMV, suggesting careful selection of patients for intubation <table-wrap><object-id>erj;64/suppl_68/PA3488/TB1</object-id><object-id>T1</object-id><object-id>TB1</object-id><table><colgroup><col></col><col></col><col></col><col></col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td></td><td>Total</td><td>Group 1</td><td>Group 2</td></tr><tr><td>Patients (n)</td><td>57</td><td>37</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td>Females (n)</td><td>13</td><td>6</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>Age (mean ± SD)</td><td>74±9</td><td>76±9</td><td>72±7</td></tr><tr><td>BMI (mean±SD)</td><td>25±4</td><td>24±4</td><td>27±4</td></tr><tr><td>Smoking history (n)</td><td>40</td><td>27</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>IPF (n)</td><td>15</td><td>9</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>TLC (mean±SD)</td><td>63±18</td><td>60±18</td><td>67±16</td></tr><tr><td>DLCO (mean±SD)</td><td>43±15</td><td>38±8</td><td>49±17</td></tr><tr><td>Home oxygen (n)</td><td>20</td><td>15</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>Antifibrotic drugs (n)</td><td>10</td><td>6</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Hospitalisation days (mean±SD)</td><td>11±9</td><td>10±6</td><td>14±12</td></tr><tr><td>APACHE II (mean±SD)</td><td>16±4</td><td>16±3</td><td>16±5</td></tr><tr><td>P/F (mean±SD)</td><td>131±75</td><td>137±76</td><td>120±73</td></tr><tr><td>High-dose steroids (n)</td><td>29</td><td>15</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>Vasopressor drugs (n)</td><td>22</td><td>3</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td>Nitric oxide treatment (n)</td><td>6</td><td>0</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>Tracheostomized patients (n)</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>1</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap> <bold>References</bold> <italic>¹⁾Lain W et al, Ther Adv Respir Dis,2020 ²⁾Fu L et al, Heart Lung,2023</italic>