The association of spirometry findings with Thorax Computerized Tomography in Children with Common Variable Immunodeficiency

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a rare and heterogeneous group with a primary antibody deficiency syndrome caused by B cell dysfunction. Recurrent and uncontrolled lung infections are main causes of morbidity, usually lead to the chronic changes expressed by interstitial lung processes or the bronchiectasis development. Therefore, most specialist recommended routinely follow-up to patients for lung pathologies. Since recurrent CT causes excessive radioactive exposure, a non-invasive method is required for investigation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between the spirometry findings and thorax CT in children with CVID. Among 125 CVID patients who applied to our clinic, 31 patients who underwent thorax CT and spirometry tests were included. The patients’ characteristics and medical history is shown on table 1 and pathologic thorax CT finding is shown in table 2. The patients were divided into three groups: those with any pathological CT findings, airway pathologies, and interstitial pathologies. The z scores for FEV1 and FVC were considerably lower in all three groups (table 3). The FEV1 z score was compared across three groups utilizing the ROC curve (table 4 and figure 1). Most research examining thorax CT findings and lung function tests in children have mostly focused on patients diagnosed with cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia. In this work, we performed a similar investigation in children diagnosed with CVID and demonstrated a strong positive connection between thorax CT abnormalities and lung function tests. These findings indicate that clinicians might consider monitoring these children using spirometry.