Maximal sniff nasal inspiratory pressure reference equations: a multicentre study

The assessment of inspiratory muscle strength is enhanced by the inclusion of maximal sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) in conjunction with maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax). To date, there exists only two papers that address SNIP reference equations in the European adults, involving 208 subjects in total (Uldry et al.1995; Kellens et al.,2010). <bold>Aim:</bold> To establish the first reference equations for SNIP in healthy Spanish adults. <bold>Methods:</bold> A cross-sectional study was conducted in 14 Spanish centres. Healthy non-smoking volunteers 18-80 years old with a normal spirometry were stratified by sex, decades and geographic area. After anthropometry measurements, a spirometry, PImax and SNIP were measured. SNIP was assessed from functional residual capacity using a digital manometer as the peak pressure maintained <0.5 s. Multiple linear regressions were used to obtain reference equations. <bold>Results:</bold> The sample was composed of 600 subjects (48±17 years, 309 females). Results of respiratory pressures were: in females= SNIP 92±23cmH2O and PImax 99±24cmH2O; in males= SNIP 107±26cmH2O and PImax 127±28cmH2O. Reference equations included the body mass index (BMI) and a squared term of age (p<0.01) as predictor variables in both sexes. Females=60.1+0.22*age–0.01*age 2+1.44*BMI; adjusted R2=0.043 Males=72.67+0.46*age – 0.01*age 2+1.43*BMI; adjusted R2=0.074 <bold>Conclusions:</bold> This constitutes the largest dataset of SNIP in a European population and the first SNIP reference equations for Spanish population. These results have an immediate transferability and clinical applicability. There will be of great useful, particularly in patients with facial weakness, to better identify the inspiratory muscle weakness.

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Published
2024-09-14
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2024.pa4140
Primary Topic
Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
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article
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article

Maximal sniff nasal inspiratory pressure reference equations: a multicentre study

Esther García, Marina Francín Gallego, Alejandro Quintela-del-Rı́o, Yolanda Sanesteban Hermida et al.
Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
article

Maximal sniff nasal inspiratory pressure reference equations: a multicentre study

Esther García, Marina Francín Gallego, Alejandro Quintela-del-Rı́o, Yolanda Sanesteban Hermida, Pilar Bravo Cortés, Daniël Langer, Ana Lista-Paz, Beatriz Herrero‐Cortina, Jordi Vilaró, Jorge Álvarez Rivas, A.T. Ríos Cortés, Margarita Barral-Fernández, S. Souto Camba, Ana B Varas De La Fuente, Rocío Martín‐Valero, Rodrigo Torres‐Castro, Esther Giménez Moolhuyzen, Luz González Doníz, Concepción Martín Cortijo, Cristina Serrano Veguillas, Ane Arbillaga‐Etxarri, Elena Gimeno‐Santos, Guilherme Fregonezi, María Amalia Jácome Pumar, Carolina González Montañez, José Luis Varela Felices
article en

Abstract

The assessment of inspiratory muscle strength is enhanced by the inclusion of maximal sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) in conjunction with maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax). To date, there exists only two papers that address SNIP reference equations in the European adults, involving 208 subjects in total (Uldry et al.1995; Kellens et al.,2010). <bold>Aim:</bold> To establish the first reference equations for SNIP in healthy Spanish adults. <bold>Methods:</bold> A cross-sectional study was conducted in 14 Spanish centres. Healthy non-smoking volunteers 18-80 years old with a normal spirometry were stratified by sex, decades and geographic area. After anthropometry measurements, a spirometry, PImax and SNIP were measured. SNIP was assessed from functional residual capacity using a digital manometer as the peak pressure maintained <0.5 s. Multiple linear regressions were used to obtain reference equations. <bold>Results:</bold> The sample was composed of 600 subjects (48±17 years, 309 females). Results of respiratory pressures were: in females= SNIP 92±23cmH2O and PImax 99±24cmH2O; in males= SNIP 107±26cmH2O and PImax 127±28cmH2O. Reference equations included the body mass index (BMI) and a squared term of age (p<0.01) as predictor variables in both sexes. Females=60.1+0.22*age–0.01*age 2+1.44*BMI; adjusted R2=0.043 Males=72.67+0.46*age – 0.01*age 2+1.43*BMI; adjusted R2=0.074 <bold>Conclusions:</bold> This constitutes the largest dataset of SNIP in a European population and the first SNIP reference equations for Spanish population. These results have an immediate transferability and clinical applicability. There will be of great useful, particularly in patients with facial weakness, to better identify the inspiratory muscle weakness.

Universidade da Coruña (ES), Universidad de Deusto (ES), Hospital Universitario de Canarias (ES), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (BR), Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (ES), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (BR), Hospital Universitario 12 De Octubre (ES), Universidad San Jorge (ES), Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile (CL), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (ES), Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (ES), Santa Lucía University General Hospital (ES), Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ES), Hospital Universitario Son Espases (ES), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo (ES), University of Córdoba (ES), Universitat Ramon Llull (ES), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (ES), Cordoba University (US), Universidad de Málaga (ES), KU Leuven (BE)
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