Results at 12 years of Lung Transplantation in the Chilean Public Healthcare System.

<bold>Introduction:</bold> Lung transplantation is a therapeutic alternative for patients with terminal respiratory diseases. <bold>Objetive:</bold> Describe the results obtained from patients undergoing lung transplantation (LT) at the National Institute of Thorax (INT), the only public hospital in Chile that performs this procedure. <bold>Materials:</bold> A retrospective study of clinical records of patients who underwent LT from August 2010 to December 2022. Demographic data, underlying disease, complications, survival, and causes of death were analyzed. <bold>Result:</bold> 109 patients were transplanted. Of these, 58,7% were male, with a median age at the time of LT of 53 years. The main indications for transplantation were pulmonary fibrosis (73,4%) and cystic fibrosis (10,1%). Main surgical complication was airway-related (23,8%). Among the medical complications, during the first year, 77% of the patients experienced infectious episodes and 28% acute rejection. After the first years, viral infections predominated (40,3%), followed by chronic graft dysfunction (29,4%). Overrall survival rates at 1, 5 and 10 years were 84,8%, 60%, and 31,5%, respectively. Survival analysis, based on LT indication using the log-rank test, and no significant differences were found between the groups (p=0.415). The main causes of death were chronic rejection (40,4%), infections (26,3%), and neoplastic causes (10,5%). <bold>Conclusions:</bold> Lung transplantation is a treatment option for patients with advanced lung disease, yielding positive outcomes in the short and medium term within the Chilean public healthcare system.