A survey on monitoring and management techniques for road traffic congestion in vehicular networks

Nowadays, the rise in traffic density derived from the population growth in urban areas, has resulted in more traffic congestion. Despite advancements in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), this still remains a considerable challenge.In this study, we provide a comprehensive survey of monitoring and management of traffic systems (MMTS) techniques. At first, we split the whole scope of research into four phases: (i) traffic data gathering, (ii) traffic data transmission, (iii) traffic data analysis, and finally (iv) traffic data dissemination. Furthermore, we discuss the security aspects of traffic monitoring and management, and discuss emerging research challenges and opportunities. • We present a survey that addresses the techniques implemented in traffic monitoring and management systems by classifying them into four phases based on their functions and characteristics: traffic data gathering, traffic data transmission, traffic data analysis, and traffic data dissemination. • Previous research and processing techniques for each phase of traffic monitoring and management are discussed, as well as future perspectives.