Comparative analysis of post-earthquake respiratory symptoms in traumatized and non-traumatized patients: a study from Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye

ABSTRACT <bold>Background:</bold> Following the earthquakes in Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, on February 6, 2023, numerous health challenges emerged among the affected population. Understanding the differences in respiratory issues between traumatized and non-traumatized patients is crucial for effective management strategies. This study aims to investigate and compare respiratory problems in both groups. <bold>Methods:</bold> We conducted a retrospective descriptive and cross-sectional study analyzing medical records of 351 earthquake victims with respiratory concerns admitted to Ankara Etlik City Hospital within one-month post-earthquake. Patients were categorized based on trauma exposure, demographic data, comorbidities, and pulmonary diagnoses were analyzed. <bold>Results:</bold> The average age was 55 years, with males constituting 56% of the cohort, predominantly originating from heavily affected regions such as Kahramanmaraş. Among the patients assessed, 40% had experienced trauma related to the earthquakes, with thoracic fractures identified in 45%. Asthma emerged as the prevalent comorbidity, present in 14% of cases, with nearly half of the patients receiving their initial evaluation in the emergency department (50%). The average hospital stay was approximately 10.9 ± 8.1 days. Pleural effusion was identified as the most frequent diagnosis, followed by pneumonia, pulmonary contusion, and pulmonary edema. Asthma attacks, pulmonary embolism, and pneumothorax were also observed, albeit less frequently. <bold>Conclusions:</bold> The study highlights the substantial burden of respiratory problems among earthquake victims, with trauma significantly influencing the prevalence of certain conditions.