Correlation between culture conversion and Quality of Life-Bronchiectasis Respiratory Domain (QOL-B RD) in adults with Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease (MACLD): The ARISE Study

<bold>Objective:</bold> ARISE (<ext-link>NCT04677543</ext-link>) aimed to support validation of PRO instruments, including QOL-B RD in patients with MACLD. Correlation between culture conversion and respiratory symptoms measured by QOL-B RD was also examined. <bold>Methods:</bold> Adults with newly diagnosed or recurrent non-cavitary MACLD were randomized 1:1 to amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS arm) 590mg or ELC (comparator arm), plus AZI [250mg] and ETH [15mg/kg] once daily for 6M, followed by 1M off-treatment. The association of culture conversion by M6 and M7 with change from baseline to M7 in QOL-B RD was assessed. <bold>Results:</bold> Rates of culture conversion by M6 and M7 were higher in the ALIS (N=48) vs comparator (N=51) arm (80.6% vs 63.9%; 78.8% vs 47.1%). A positive correlation was observed between change in QOL-B RD at M7 and converters by M6 or M7 in the ALIS arm (point-biserial correlation coefficients: 0.36 and 0.35). ALIS converters had greater improvement in QOL-B RD vs non-converters (<bold>Table</bold>). No correlation between change in QOL-B RD at M7 and culture conversion by M6 or M7 was seen in the comparator arm. <bold>Conclusion:</bold> The larger change in respiratory score and higher rate of culture conversion are reflected in the significant, positive correlation observed in ALIS-treated patients with MACLD. A 15M confirmatory study is ongoing (ENCORE; <ext-link>NCT04677569</ext-link>). <fig><object-id>erj;64/suppl_68/PA3264/F1</object-id><object-id>F1</object-id><object-id>F1</object-id><graphic></graphic></fig>