Metabolite Profiling of Potential Fraction from Ethyl Acetate Extract of Ziziphus mauritiana Leaves by LC-MS/MS Analysis

In Indonesia, the treatment with leaves as a traditional medicine is still firmly integrated into the community to overcome various health problems experienced, one of which is the treatment with Bidara leaves (Ziziphus mauritiana). Ziziphus mauritiana belongs to family of Rhamnaceae, and it is generally considered a potential source of antioxidant and cholesterol lowering. This study aimed to examine phytochemical characterization, antioxidant potential, and cholesterol-lowering effects of ethyl acetate fraction derived from Ziziphus mauritiana. Extraction was accomplished using ethyl acetate, and the resultant extract was fractionated through chromatography with a blend of n-hexane and ethyl acetate as the eluent. Antioxidant assay was conducted using the scavenging radical 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods, while cholesterol-lowering activity was assessed with the Lieberman-Burchard method. Additionally, phytochemical profiling of potential fractions was determined using LC-MS/MS. The results showed that fraction ethyl acetate Ziziphus (EAZ) fraction 09 had the highest DPPH radical scavenging with % inhibitions of 30.524 ± 0.095 µg/mL. Based on LC-MS/MS analysis, fraction EAZ.09 contained five main compounds and EC50 value of cholesterol-lowering activity was 132.115 µg/mL. In conclusion, fraction EAZ.09 from Z. mauritiana leaves had significant potential based on the chemical composition, in-vitro antioxidant activity, and cholesterol-lowering effects.