Transperineal Ultrasound In Clinically Diagnosed FistulaIn Ano Cases - A Cross-Sectional Study In A Tertiary Care Center

Fistula-in-ano (FIA) is a chronic and often recurrent anorectal condition characterized by an abnormal communication between the rectum or anal canal and the perianal skin. Accurate diagnosis and management of FIA remain challenging due to the complexity of fistula tracts and potential complications. Traditional diagnostic methods like clinical examination and fistulography are commonly employed, but these methods often lack detailed visualization of the fistulous tracts. In recent years, transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) has emerged as a non-invasive, radiation-free, and cost-effective tool in the assessment of FIA. This study aims to review the role of transperineal ultrasonography in the assessment of fistula-in-ano, with respect to its current techniques, advantages, clinical applications, and future directions.