Arsenic, Mercury, Lead and Iron Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Phospholipids Liposomes and Protective Effect of Fumaric Acid

The mixture of polyunsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids found in egg yolks could be a useful experimental model for study oxidative stress caused by heavy metals or radicals. This study investigates the metal chelation and antioxidant capacity of fumaric acid (FA) against metal-induced lipid peroxidation in the phospholipid of egg yolks. Fumaric acid successfully decreased lipid peroxidation at concentrations of 0.5 to 3.0 mM, the results indicated that exposure to heavy metals considerably increased the generation of TBARS. At 200 µM, it also showed impressive DPPH radical scavenging potential, achieving over 50% inhibition. In order to explore its mechanism of action, we performed deoxyribose degradation assay. The Fe + H2O2 significantly degraded the deoxyribose. Based on these results, further research is required to confirm its potential therapeutic applications against heavy metal toxicity.