In vitro callus induction in safflower genotypes (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Advancement in plant tissue culture methods, in biotechnology such as callus induction are necessary for further advance studies. This study aimed at establishment of optimized callus induction from safflower genotype PBNS-86 and GMU-6947. An efficient protocol for in vitro callus induction was developed using leaves as explant of both genotypes. The most effective combination, T6 (3.0 mg/l NAA+1.0 mg/l BAP), induced 76% callus formation in PBNS-86 and 70% in GMU-6947. Comparable success was observed with 2,4-D based Treatments, T3 (3.0 mg/l) and T4 (4.0 mg/l), which resulted in 73% callus induction for PBNS-86 and 66% for GMU-6947. The genotypes showed a consistent response to Treatments, with PBNS-86 generally exhibiting higher callus induction.