Research Progress on the Activity Stimulation of Lithium Slag in Concrete

Lithium slag (LS), an industrial waste byproduct generated during lithium salt production, is characterized by its harmful trace elements, significant stockpiles and low pozzolanic activity. By 2003, the annual discharge of lithium slag in China surpassed 15 million tons, creating an urgent need for established large-scale disposal technologies. One of the primary strategies for the effective utilization of LS is its application as an auxiliary cementitious material in concrete. However, the low reactivity of LS and challenges associated with its large-scale application impede its effective utilization. Enhancing the pozzolanic activity of LS is pivotal for its substantial incorporation into concrete. This study begins by analyzing the physicochemical properties and volcanic ash reactivity of LS derived from various lithium extraction techniques. It subsequently explores the diverse activation techniques aimed at improving the reactivity of LS within concrete. Ultimately, this paper highlights the significance of synergistic activation strategies, particularly physicochemical co-excitation and multi-exciter composite excitation. These approaches are identified as critical pathways for enhancing the activity of LS. Through this exploration, this study aims to unveil innovative strategies that bolster the resource utilization efficiency of LS, thereby facilitating its effective application in the concrete domain.