A Study on the Dynamic Response and Deformation of Slopes Supported by Anti-Slide Piles Subjected to Seismic Waves with Different Spectral Characteristics

The long-term stability of slopes in areas with strong earthquakes not only is very important for people’s lives and the safety of property, but also it enables restoration of the ecological environment in the landslide areas, which is very important for sustainable development. The most commonly used seismic-support method, anti-slide piles, provides outstanding seismic performance. However, piles still deform and fail during earthquakes, which can lead to instability of the slope. The dynamic response of a slope reinforced with anti-slide piles is crucial for maintaining the long-term stability of the slope in a strong-earthquake area and, thus, for promoting its sustainable development. However, current research is focused mainly on the stability of the slope, and there have been few studies on the dynamic response of anti-slide piles. For this reason, we have undertaken the present study of a bedding-rock slope supported by a single row of anti-slide piles. By changing the frequency, amplitude, and duration of the input seismic waves, we have systematically explored the influence of their spectral characteristics on the dynamic response of the anti-slide piles and the slope using numerical simulations combined with the wavelet-transform method. Our results show that the spectral characteristics of the seismic waves significantly affect the deformations of the anti-slide piles. Low-frequency and high-amplitude seismic waves have stronger destructive effects on slopes, and high-amplitude seismic waves can generate multi-level sliding surfaces that extend to deeper levels. The low-frequency component of the seismic wave controls the overall deformation of the slope, and the high-frequency component controls the local deformations. An increase in the proportion and duration of low frequencies in seismic waves is the main cause of slope deformation and failure. The present work, thus, provides a useful reference for the design of a slope supported by anti-slide piles in an area with strong earthquakes, as well as for the maintenance of the long-term stability of such a slope, therefore, encouraging the sustainable development of related areas.