Multivariate dynamics of Ecuadorian public universities and their research trends, according to Web of Science (pre-COVID period)

Abstract This study investigates research trends in Ecuadorian public universities by analyzing 1,826 Web of Science articles from the pre-COVID-19 period (2015–2018). Using the HJ-biplot method for graphical representation, correlations between universities and research areas are examined. The findings highlight marked regional differences: in Coast-East, research is concentrated in Education and Social Sciences, led by the University of Guayaquil, while, in the Highlands, there is a focus on Engineering and Chemistry, with the National Polytechnic School as a pioneer. These differences reflect the need for research strategies adapted to each regional context. In addition, changes are observed in the research areas of institutions such as the Higher Polytechnic School of Chimborazo and the Technical University of Machala. This study underscores the importance of developing differentiated research policies in Ecuador, appropriate to the strengths and needs of each region, and provides a basis for strategic planning in the academic and scientific areas of the country.