Use of Probes and Sensors in Agriculture—Current Trends and Future Prospects on Intelligent Monitoring of Soil Moisture and Nutrients

Soil monitoring is essential for promoting sustainability in agriculture, as it helps prevent degradation and optimize the use of natural resources. The introduction of innovative technologies, such as low-cost sensors and intelligent systems, enables the acquisition of real-time data on soil health, increasing productivity and product quality while reducing waste and environmental impact. This study examines various agricultural monitoring technologies, focusing on soil moisture sensors and nutrient detection, along with examples of IoT-based systems. The main characteristics of these technologies are analyzed, providing an overview of their effectiveness and the key differences among various tools for optimizing agricultural management. The aim of the review is to support an informed choice of the most appropriate sensors and technologies, thus contributing to the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices.