Enhancing the Thermal Stability of Skyrmion in Magnetic Nanowires for Nanoscale Data Storage

Magnetic skyrmion random switching and structural stability are critical limitations for storage data applications. Enhancing skyrmions' magnetic properties could improve their thermal structural stability. Hence, micromagnetic calculation was carried out to explore the thermal nucleation and stability of skyrmions in magnetic nanodevices. Different magnetic properties such as uniaxial magnetic anisotropy energy (<i>Ku</i>), saturation magnetization (<i>Ms</i>) and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (<i>DMI</i>) were used to assess the thermal stability of skyrmions in magnetic nanowires. For some values of <i>Ms</i> and <i>Ku</i>, the results verified that the skyrmion structure is stable at temperatures above 800 K, which is higher than room temperature. Additionally, manipulating the nanowire geometry was found to have a substantial effect on the thermal structural stability of the skyrmion in storage nanodevices. Increasing the nanowire dimensions, such as length or width, enhanced skyrmions' structural stability against temperature fluctuations in nanodevices. Furthermore, the random nucleation of the skyrmions due to the device temperature was examined. It was shown that random skyrmion nucleation occurs at temperature values greater than 700 K. These findings make skyrmion devices suitable for storage applications.