A supervised machine learning model to select a cost-effective directional drilling tool

With the increased directional drilling activities in the oil and gas industry, combined with the digital revolution amongst all industry aspects, the need became high to optimize all planning and operational drilling activities. One important step in planning a directional well is to select a directional tool that can deliver the well in a cost-effective manner. Rotary steerable systems (RSS) and positive displacement mud motors (PDM) are the two widely used tools, each with distinct advantages: RSS excels in hole cleaning, sticking avoidance and hole quality in general, while PDM offers versatility and lower operating costs. This paper presents a series of machine learning (ML) models to automate the selection of the optimal directional tool based on offset well data. By processing lithology, directional, drilling performance, tripping and casing running data, the model predicts section time and cost for upcoming wells. Historical data from offset wells were split into training and testing sets and different ML algorithms were tested to choose the most accurate one. The XGBoost algorithm provided the most accurate predictions during testing, outperforming other algorithms. The beauty of the model is that it successfully accounted for variations in formation thicknesses and drilling environment and adjusts tool recommendations accordingly. Results show that no universal rule favors either RSS or PDM; rather, tool selection is highly dependent on well-specific factors. This data-driven approach reduces human bias, enhances decision-making, and could significantly lower field development costs, particularly in aggressive drilling campaigns.