INVESTIGATION OF VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL DEFORMATIONS OF THE PNEUMATIC SPRING OF A HIGH-SPEED MOVING VEHICLE IN THE LIMITS OF THE ARROW OF THE ARROW GEAR

The object of the research is the pneumatic spring of the second stage of the spring suspension of the high-speed rolling stock of the railway. The vertical and horizontal deformations of the pneumatic spring within the scope of the arrow translation are studied. For constructive reasons, two sections of the turnout were chosen, namely the section of the tip of the spikes and the section of the root of the spikes. In order to determine the deformations of the pneumatic spring, a methodology for its full-scale testing has been developed, which includes the use of a test rig that has a rigid metal frame on which the pneumatic spring and measuring equipment are installed. High-frequency potentiometric linear displacement sensors were used to measure vertical and horizontal deformations. In accordance with the developed complex program of field tests, records of vertical and horizontal deformations of the pneumatic spring of the high-speed rolling stock were obtained during the movement of the turn signal in the forward and opposite directions. It was found that the vertical deformations of the pneumatic spring within the range of movement by the arrow transfer in the furrow and anti-furrow directions are greater than the horizontal ones. In addition, in the opposite direction of movement of the test rig, the vertical deformations of the pneumatic spring are larger compared to the opposite direction of movement. It was established that the maximum values of the vertical deformations of the pneumatic spring are within the range of 3.14–5.05 mm in the wool direction and 4.88–5.95 mm in the anti-wool direction. The maximum values of horizontal deformations are within 1.62–2.94 mm and 1.30–2.53 mm, respectively. It was established that the average value of the vertical and horizontal deformations of the pneumatic spring of the high-speed rolling stock within the range of the arrow of the turnout is: for forward motion – 3.85 mm and 2.02 mm, for forward motion – 5,48 mm and 1.82 mm, respectively. The obtained results will make it possible to proceed to the determination of the dynamic characteristics of the pneumatic spring, and at the stage of designing high-speed rolling stock to study its dynamic indicators and traffic safety indicators under different operating conditions.