Observational Study on Changes in Serum Sodium and Potassium Levels and Trends in Serum Vitamin B12 Levels following Temporary Ileostomy

Ileostomy is associated with significant electrolyte and nutritional imbalances due to high stoma output. This observational study aimed to evaluate the patterns of serum sodium, potassium, and vitamin B12 levels in patients undergoing temporary ileostomy. The study was conducted at BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur and included 80 patients who had a temporary ileostomy. Serum sodium and potassium levels were measured on postoperative day (POD) 3 and POD 5. Vitamin B12 levels were assessed at admission and at ileostomy closure or three months post - surgery. Results showed no significant changes in serum sodium and potassium levels between admission and POD 5 (p = 0.462). Vitamin B12 levels, initially averaging 226.5 pg/mL, decreased significantly to 157.3 pg/mL three months post - surgery (p = 0.0001). The study also found that patients with high - output stomas (?1000 mL/day), particularly distal ones, were associated with greater electrolyte loss, although no direct relationship was identified between stoma location and B12 deficiency. These findings emphasize the importance of regular follow - up and timely intervention to manage fluid, electrolyte, and nutritional deficiencies in ileostomy patients. Early management improves outcomes and reduces complications, especially for those with high - output stomas. This study aligns with previous research emphasizing the need for vigilance in managing post - ileostomy patients to reduce morbidity and enhance recovery.