Roasted and Unroasted Cocoa Nibs: Bioactive Compounds Analysis and Application in Cereal Bars
Cocoa beans contain a variety of nutritional compounds and are rich in biologically active substances. The aim of this study was to utilize cocoa nibs (roasted and unroasted) as the main ingredient in the development of an attractive and convenient product. The produced nibs were analyzed for total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods. The primary phenolic compounds and methylxanthines were analyzed by LC/MS. Subsequently, cereal bars were developed, including a control sample (without nibs) and five formulations containing 41% nibs, using various proportions of roasted and unroasted nibs. The influence of the origin of the beans on the product characteristics was also evaluated. The results showed that the roasting process led to a reduction in epicatechin, caffeine, and caffeic acid. Furthermore, the reduction in total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity after roasting was more pronounced in beans from Bahia compared to those from Espírito Santo. Regarding the cereal bars, the results demonstrated that using cocoa from Bahia, the formulation with a higher proportion of unroasted nibs (F80) significantly increased the total phenolic content (1968.85 mg of gallic acid/100 g) and total flavonoids (39.26 mg of quercetin/100 g). This initial study suggests that the use of cocoa nibs as a functional ingredient in cereal bars may be a viable and advantageous option for creating a product with greater antioxidant potential.
Authors
- Thaís Caroline Buttow Rigolon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0646-1874)
- Márcia Cristina Teixeira Ribeiro Vidigal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8065-0753)
- Paulo César Stringheta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1229-7038)
- Mariane Sampaio da Silveira de Souza
- Hélia de Barros Kobi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6414-2399)
- Eliana Alviarez Gutiérrez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3574-9690)
- Larissa Lorrane Rodrigues Borges (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-2028)
- Pedro Henrique Campelo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5137-0162)
- Valdeir Viana Freitas
- Lary Souza Olegário (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7251-1294)
Institutions
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa (BR)
- National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (PE)
- Universidad de Extremadura (ES)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Foods
- Published
- 2024-11-02
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13213510
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Food Chemistry and Fat Analysis
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.70
Funders
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais