Analyzing the chaotic and stability behavior of a duffing oscillator excited by a sinusoidal external force

This paper delves into the dynamical, chaotic, and stability aspects of the Duffing oscillator (DO) under sinusoidal external excitation, underscoring its relevance in various scientific and engineering applications. The DO, with its complex behavior, poses a significant challenge to our understanding. A unique perturbation technique, the multiple-scales (MS), is harnessed to tackle this challenge and enrich our knowledge. The analysis entails determining third-order expansions, exploring resonant cases, and factoring in the influence of viscous damping. The accuracy of the analytical solution is cross-validated with numerical results using the Runge–Kutta fourth-order (RK4). The paper also employs effective methods to assess the obtained results qualitatively. As a result, Visual figures, such as bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents’ spectra (LES), have been presented to illustrate diverse system motions and demonstrate Poincaré diagrams. Moreover, stability analysis has been investigated via resonance curves showing the stable and unstable regions. These aids facilitate our comprehension of the system’s complex behavior and its variations under different conditions. The results are elucidated through displayed curves, offering insights into the dynamics of the DO under sinusoidal excitation and damping effects. The influence of excitation and the quadratic parameter on bifurcation diagrams, LES, and Poincaré maps helps us understand the intricate behavior of nonlinear oscillatory systems, such as DO. The presented oscillator is a compelling example of elucidating the nonlinear behavior observed in numerous engineering and physics phenomena.