Improved Breast Cancer Detection using Modified ResNet50-Based on Gradient-Weighted Class Activation Mapping

Breast cancer is a prevalent and serious disease that affects many women around the world every year. Detecting breast cancer early is crucial for improving survival rates and treating the illness effectively. Researchers are exploring various methods, including neural networks and machine learning, to assist in detecting the disease. However, due to limited data availability, leveraging pre-trained models trained on diverse image datasets has become a common practice. This article introduces a novel approach to identifying breast cancer that involves the utilization of a deep learning model utilizing the ResNet50 framework, coupled with heat mapping and gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM). The suggested method was primarily assessed using the FDDM dataset of Subtracted Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography (CDD-CESM) images. The outcomes from this model were then contrasted with those of five other well-known models: VGG16, VGG19, MobileNetV2, EfficientNet-B7, and standard ResNet50. The newly proposed model yielded an accuracy of 0.8920, which was better than the other models. Additionally, Grad-CAM showed nearly flawless feature extraction in a breast cancer classification assignment. In the discussion section, the suggested method was utilized with the MIAS dataset to ensure thoroughness and scalability, and to allow for comparison with prior research. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the suggested approach, with an accuracy of 0.9830 achieved on the MIAS dataset, surpassing previous works. This study significantly enhances the improvement of breast cancer detection through the integration of deep learning, the ResNet50 architecture, and visualization methods including heat maps and Grad-CAM.