Evolving Hybrid Quantum-Classical GRU Architectures for Multivariate Time Series

Quantum Recurrent Neural Networks are gaining attention for their generalization capability in time series analysis. However, their performance are hindered by lengthy training times and non-scalability. This paper proposes a novel appli- cation for hybrid Quantum Gated Recurrent Units (QGRUs) focused on multivariate time-series forecasting. Our study demonstrates that these architectures outperform classical benchmarks. Through extensive innovative experiments and simulations, our results showcase the versatility and superiority of the hybrid approach, extending the capabilities of QGRUs especially in multidimensional data applications. In addition, the architecture at the basis of the QGRU has 25% fewer quantum parameters than existing Quantum Long Short-Term Memory models, and it is about 25% faster during training and inference stages, leading to feasible implemen- tations on both simulated and real quantum hardware.