Blockchain-Enabled Maximum Evacuation System Using Hybrid Voting in Zero Trust Hiking Trail and Mountainous Terrain

Addressing the limitations of traditional sensor-based systems vulnerable to environmental constraints and trust issues, this article introduces a blockchain-assisted maximum evacuation framework in zero trust hiking trail and mountainous terrain using Internet of Things (IoT) devices that leverages blockchain technology for enhanced security and reliability. We devise three innovative algorithms that are designed to maximize the activation of evacuation nodes, ensuring rapid and efficient disaster response. By updating safe areas and evacuation routes dynamically in real-time IoT environment, the developed algorithms aim to significantly improve emergency response capabilities in challenging terrains. Also, the extensive simulations are achieved to demonstrate the performances of the proposed schemes with discussions for obtained outcomes.