Recent developments in fabrication of dental zirconia ceramics

Zirconia ceramics are extensively utilized in dental restoration owing to their superior properties. These materials can be processed by various methods, such as sintering, milling, and texturing, to create dental restorations. The present paper aims to report the recent developments obtained in the fabrication operations of zirconia ceramics. A special focus is placed on illustrating the characteristics and prospects of different fabrication methods for dental applications. The selection of the fabrication method is confirmed to significantly affect the performance of zirconia ceramics in terms of precision, mechanical and optical behaviors of the restorations, as well as the success rate of subsequent denture restorations. The review article provides an enhanced understanding of the advantages and limitations of each fabrication method for dental zirconia ceramics. Denture manufacturers may explore new high-quality fabrication ways for zirconia ceramics with the help of this review article.