Determination of Average Water Demand and Diurnal Consumption Pattern for a Multifamily Apartment Complex in Peshawar

Abstract: Accurately estimating and understanding domestic water demand and consumption patterns is essential for the efficient planning and management of drinking water supply systems. Traditional methods for estimating water demand are labor-intensive and often rely on assumptions. To overcome these limitations, this study employed a novel approach using highprecision data loggers to monitor water levels continuously in rooftop tanks at 5-minute intervals within a residential apartment complex in Peshawar, Pakistan. The findings indicate that per capita water consumption varies between 97 and 209 liters per capita per day (lpcd), with an average consumption of 173 lpcd. This methodology offers enhanced accuracy in quantifying water usage, providing a robust alternative to conventional estimation techniques.