Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus, Surgical Management. Case Report and Literature Review

More than 100 years after the first record of esophageal melanoma in the literature, made by Baur in 1906, which was finally considered metastasis and not a primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (MMPE), little is known about this pathology, with no overall 5-year survival rate. At the time of presentation of this case in 2022, the literature recorded approximately 400 cases of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus, which corresponds to 0.2% of all esophageal neoplasms and, in terms of melanoma presentation sites, it occupies last place 0.5 to 1%, only preceded by anal canal melanoma. With the aim of contributing to the global casuistry, we present this case report of a 59-year-old woman with a primary malignant melanoma of the distal thoracic esophagus, treated at the Antioquia Oncology Center (COA). Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia, in light of the best evidence available in the literature and the scientific technical resources available at the institution.